Windows System32 Config Program Is Lacking Or Corrupt - How exactly to Repair This Problem Safely

 Microcontrollers are generally specialized in a certain purpose, therefore while they're very flexible units today, you will find numerous various (often conflicting) options for how you may want the electronics to work. You may think this setting is completed in pc software, but what if you prefer the electronics to do something a particular way from ab muscles start? Bearing in mind that Microchip PIC products may "boot" in a subject of milliseconds, there needs to become a way you telling the hardware how exactly to behave before it beginning up. This article addresses how to really get your microcontroller based task functioning the manner in which you expect when it starts up.

Enter config portions, or, while they used to be called, config fuses. In the times when microcontrollers were program-once devices, you really did hit a blend to be able to program them. Nowadays, most micros have thumb storage which can be designed tens of thousands of times, but you can find however one-time-programmable (OTP) products about.

In any case, there's a lot of "config words" that establish how a micro will probably behave from the get-go. Let's search at many of these choices (we'll pick the PIC18F2620 as an example) and then see just how to program them. Sourceboost provides you with all of the config strings in a ready-to-use structure for including in your project. The structure gets the config portions suffixed with exactly the same title whilst the config word to help you make sure that the best pieces are getting in the proper word. Obviously, your config phrases will be various if you're utilizing a different microcontroller, but you must understand enough here to point you in the best direction.

In the 18F2620, the config bits are located in display, but at a higher memory location. They're located at 0x300001 and upwards. For historical reasons as a result of way memory was once organized on PIC microcontrollers, config words are numbered with each quantity having a "high" and "low" byte.

CONFIG1L doesn't exist on the 18F2620. If it did, it'd live at 0x300000 location.

CONFIG1H includes pieces that establish oscillator options. Usually, in Embedded Ventures tasks we use and try outside deposits which provide more correct and trusted results. This does consume two hooks however, and sometimes these could be much more important compared to rate at that your processor is running. The additional gem oscillator is referred to as the HS oscillator (if you're doing the typical issue of seeking to operate the micro as fast because it can go). In the 18F2620, you can even permit the PLL component which provides you with a four-times speed boost. From CONFIG1H may also be possibilities allow the fail-safe time check (that changes to the interior oscillator if the external one crash, and an option to enable the switching between various oscillator sources.

We typically recommend that you employ an additional crystal, and switch off any oscillator changing / failover modes. In prototyping, it is important to own trusted, repeatable effects (mostly to help you reduce the axes of error). It's possible to configure the 18F2620 to start up utilising the central oscillator (which runs at 8Mhz, or 32Mhz with the PLL enabled) and then move to the additional one (we work with a 10Mhz crystal with PLL allowed giving you 40Mhz). That gives you faster start-up from interrupts in rest setting or on bootup, if that's important, except for prototyping, this is generally not necessary.

Our encouraged config line for CONFIG1H:

#pragma DATA _CONFIG1H, _OSC_HSPLL_1H & _IESO_OFF_1H & _FCMEN_OFF_1H

CONFIG2L handles brown-out reset and the power up timer. Brown Out Reset (or BOR) is the power for the microcontroller to reset itself if the present voltage falls under a given threshold. It will remain in reset state until the offer goes back on the threshold. This can mean some battery saving (at least, when the battery is flat beyond a certain stage, it'll end wearing energy as quickly) - but at that time there's no performance available anyway. The ability on timer waits on preliminary power-on for the offer to move over the BOR voltage threshold, then hangs about for still another 65ms before throwing points down for real. This can help assure that the power supply is constant before wanting to execute any code.

We've seen some quite unpredictable effects from the 18F2620 when screening some LED display panels. We thought the application was crashing or resetting the micro when actually, that which was happening was the BOR had been tripped as more LEDs were illuminated and the ability source dropped. Therefore, until you've got an actual importance of it, we recommend switching it off. Leaving the ability offer to settle before starting the firmware, is generally advisable (you're most likely not likely to spot the 65ms it takes).

#pragma DATA _CONFIG2L, _BOREN_OFF_2L & _BORV_2_2L & _PWRT_ON_2L

CONFIG2H gives you adjustments for the watchdog timer. This can be a timer that resets the PIC in a certain amount of time (you can extensively establish the length of time which may be). It could be great intend to reset your PIC if you're performing anything from which you might never recover - although hopefully you're written sufficient signal this can not occur! As an alternative, the watchdog timer also can take the PIC out of rest mode. This implies you are able to arrange for the PIC to get to sleep for a certain amount of time (if nothing otherwise happens). For prototyping, we suggest changing the watchdog timer off. Should you choose help it, make sure you reset the watchdog timer regularly or - well, you are able to suppose what will happen.

#pragma DATA _CONFIG2H, _WDT_OFF_2H & _WDTPS_128_2H

CONFIG3H has an accumulation configuration items. You can pick for the RE3 pin to be around (as input only) and for that flag to be MCLR (which resets the micro when drawn low). For prototyping, to be able to reset the micro by pushing a key now is easier than pulling the energy out.

The LPT1OSC touch offers the choice of a "large power" function or a "reduced energy mode" ;.The low energy mode is more painful and sensitive in large sound environments. Therefore if battery use is essential, you will need to style your world carefully. For prototyping, obviously, we'd suggest causing this in high energy mode.

PBABEN, allows you to specify if PORTB pins 0 - 4 must wake up as analog input pins or digital hooks upon reset. Of course you are able to modify that in application in the ADCON1 enroll at any time.

The CCP module is just a Capture / Compare / PWM element and one last CONFIG3H bit allows the "steering" of this result to be on often RC1 or RB3. This really is handy to have the ability to change if you require one other operation available on one of these simple pins (RB3 can be analogue input 9 and RC1 could be Timer 1 oscillator input). As an alternative, your PCB design may be easier if you could transfer this productivity to one or the other. For prototyping, usually that doesn't subject sometimes way.

#pragma DATA _CONFIG3H, _CCP2MX_PORTC_3H & _PBADEN_OFF_3H & _MCLRE_ON_3H

CONFIG4L contains some fascinating possibilities and reveals really obviously how crucial it's to be able to openbullet configs the PIC before startup.

The DEBUG touch enables hardware debugging. You can stage through code, set breakpoints and so on - if you have your application set appropriately and that bit cleared. Hardware debugging also requires the unique usage of RB6 and RB7 (also used for ICSP programming). In most credibility, we see that sequential output is typically ample to find insects, while you are able to debug lots of PICs with only a PicKit2.

XINST makes for the 18F lengthy instruction collection mode. This isn't utilized by Sourceboost and in the event that you move it on in error (regardless of the compiler you're using) you will have some fairly volatile results. Among our viewers used days trying to find what was wrong along with his rule and then know the XINST touch was set.

LVP gives you the capability to plan the PIC using ICSP without requesting the "higher" Vpp voltage. There's a find however - you need to commit the RB5 flag (PGM) to becoming an sign if you should be in programming method or not. Given the PicKit2 provides the right voltage anyhow, there doesn't be seemingly lots of value in changing this on for prototyping purposes.

Eventually, the STVREN allows the possibility of getting the PIC reset if the heap overflowed or underflowed. If, as an example, you call a lot of nested operates, it would allow the PIC to reset. When reset, you can examine why the PIC reset and report a fault. We suggest making that on - if your PIC shoes in the center of doing something, you can fairly assume that you've utilized the collection space (possible when you're serious in a nested situation and then an stop occurs).